Bastikarma and its probable mode of action in Sthoulya or Obesity

Bastikarma and its probable mode of action in Sthoulya or Obesity


Bastikarma

As it is told by Sushruta that “bastirvate cha pittekaphe rakte cha shasyate| Samsarge cha sannipate cha bastireva hitaha sadaa”

Almost in all the classics we will get reference reguarding lekhana basti especially on sthoulya.(Su.Chi.38,Sha.dhara).

Bhadradi asthapana basti,Aragvadhadi nirooha basti.(Su.chi.38/60-63,79)

Dvipanchamooladibasti,Kaphamayaghna nirooha,anuvasana(Asht.sa.kal.5)

Erandamooladinirooha(Ash.Hru.kal.4)

Kshara basti,gomootra basti (Cha.Datt)

Probable mode of action of Basti

Mode of action of basti can be assesed based on the drugs used in basti.

Especially Lekhana basti dravyas have katu,tikta,kashaya rasa, laghu,teekshna gunas,katu vipaka &ushna veerya.

This katu, tikta,kashaya rasa decreases the kleda,there by does the dhatu karshana.Because of sookshma guna drug can reach the cellular level.

Teekshna guna dominated by agni mahabhoota, breaks down the dosha sanghata in srotas, thus removes the sanga in srotas, so that path of the vyana vayu involved in the pathogenisis is normalised.Thus vyana vayu can transport nutrients to all dhatus properly,leading even devolopment of each dhatu.

Ushna veerya of the dravya is responsible for the reduction of meda, also having deepana-pachana action followed by kaphavata shamaka in nature.

Because of its deepana pachana does the ama pachana,and also corrects the medadhatvagni.

All the dravyas used in lekhana basti having karshana property along with rookshana guna like gomootra, yava kshara, etc; where as shilajit gives rasayana action against dhatu kshaya.

By this way lekhana basti dravyas reduces kaphavvata dushti,corrects the agni,does the ama pachana,rectifies medadhatwagni &also by removing sanga it nullifies the pathogenisis of STHOULYA.

Virechanakarma and its probable mode of action in sthoulya or obesity

Virechanakarma and its probable mode of action in sthoulya or obesity

Virechanakarma

In Cha.soo.16th&23rd chapter clear indication of virechana in sthoulya.

In Bhai.Rat 39th chapter mentioned virechana is pathya for sthoulya rogee.

Some of virechana yogas like triphala,aragvadha,katukarohini(Cha.soo23) used.

Pippalyadi choorna(Cha.datt.virechanadhikara)
Hareetakyadichoorna(Cha.datt.virechanadhikara)
Trivrutadigutika/leha(Cha.datt.virechanadhikara)

Probable mode of action of virechanakarma

Virechana is important among shodhana;because it not only act over pitta but also on kapha,vata &meda

Virechana removes avarana of vayu in koshta &corrects agni vaigunyata; there by stops the formation of ama& dushta anna rasa.

Due to the virechana drugs there will be increased bile secretion &increased peristaltic movements.In the virechana process during relaxation phase of peristalsis; sphincter of oddi being relaxed, as bile come to the G.I.T &expelled out of the body.

Thus this bile can be compared to pitta will be eliminated during virechana with other toxins.Hence virechana reduces pitta dushti & normalises agni.



During virechana process, increased stimulation & local nerve reflexes leads to increased mucous secretion,as it is clearly told in our classics as kaphantam virechanam.Thus by virechana kapha dosha will also eliminated.

As it is told in Asht.Hru.Soo.13th chapter mrudu virechana is one among the vatopakrama.
Thus virechana removes the avarana of vata there by passage of vata is rectified.By means of it vataanulomana can be achieved.

Many research being carried in I.I.H.reguarding this.

Vamanakarma and its probable mode of action in Sthoulya or Obesity

Vamanakarma and its probable mode of action in Sthoulya or Obesity


Sthoulya is kaphaja nanatmaja vikara hence vamana is the first line of measure.Mrudu vamana is ideal.

In Cha.soo.16th&23rd chapter clear indication of vamana in sthoulya.

In Bhai.Rat 39th chapter mentioned vamana is pathya for sthoulya rogee.

In Asht.Sa.Soo27/5 told as it is a vamana sadhya roga.

For vamanaartha madana phala,nimba,yashti phanta can be used.


Probable mode of action of vamana

In the samprapti of sthoulya main involvement of kapha&meda; vamana dravyas by their sookshma guna reaches minute srothas,by its teekshna &ushna guna does the chedana &lekhana of kapha&medas from all over the body comes to koshta &easily eliminated.

In the pathogenisis there will be involvement of dushta annarasa(i.e,ama) will also expelled out by means of vamana.

Thus vamanakarma directly acts over kapha,medas&dushta annarasa,thereby checks the samprapti.Hence vamana plays an important role.

Research is carried on vamana in sthoulya at Indian Institute of Health.

Snehapana and Swedana in Obesity or Sthoulya

Snehapana and Swedana in Obesity or Sthoulya

Snehapana

For snehapana&abhyanga following preparations can be used.

Tila taila,(Su.soo)

Sarshapa taila,(Bhai.rat)

Triphaladi taila,(Bha.pra,Cha.dat,Yog.rat)

Panchatiktakaguggulughrita(Cha.dat,Bha.pra)

As for shodhana sneha medicated ghrita or oils used does the srotomardavata,shitilata of leenadoshas;thus followed by swedana doshas comes to koshta.

By giving abhyabntara snehapana all the secretions will be increased.Bile will be secreted more for digestion of fat&more of H.D.L is formed.

As tilataila is medohara,lekhaneeya,srotosuddhikara.

Sesame oil significantly decrease lipid peroxidatoin &serum nitrate level.

It contain linoleic acid which produce strong plasma cholesterol lowering effects.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces cholesterol level, thus tila taila helps in reducing  cholesterol level.

The action of sneha also depends on the drugs that which contains like triphala taila etc …………..


SWEDANA

In Cha.soo.23/8 shloka it is told swedana as one of the chikitsa for sthoulya.

In Asht.Sa.Soo24/15 for sthoulya swedana is essential.

In Cha.Datt.specified that;

“……………mrudurvaatyayike gade”

That mrudu swedana can be performed.

Nadee sweda,Parisheka sveda,dravasveda,ushna jalasnana can be adviced.

Probable mode of action of svedana

During swedana process there will be incresed sympathetic activity which stimulates the process of lypolysis , which accelerates fat catabolism. It suggests that increase in agni during swedana reduces medodhatwagnimandya.
By means of swedana medavaha sroto sanga is removed there by succeeding dhatu formation will be normal.
Swedana process increases sweat production,there by excessive wastes are eliminated through the sweat,which corrects the swedavaha srotodushti.

SHODHANA AND DEEPANA PACHANA TREATMENT IN OBESITY OR STHOULYA

SHODHANA AND DEEPANA PACHANA TREATMENT IN OBESITY OR STHOULYA

SHODHANA

Charaka&Vagbhata both have very clearly mentioned sthoulya is bahudoshavastha,hence shodhana can be performed.

Charaka considered Sthoulya as santarpanajanya vikara there by vamana,virechana,raktamokshana,svedana etc can be performed.

Charaka,Sushruta,Bhavaprakasha&allmost all the acharyas have mentioned lekhana ,ksharabasti & many other basti preparations having kapha medohara action.

In Bhai.rat39th chapter told that vamana, virechana,lekhana basti&udvartana are considered to be pathya for sthoulya/medorogee.

Deepana-Pachana

Here in Sthoulya kapha &meda are stongly involved hence trikatu ,panchakola etc teekshna ;especially katu rasa pradhana dravyas can be made use.Some of the yogas like Trikatu choorna,Panchakolachoorna,Chitrakaadivati,agnitundivati,hingvashtaka choorna can be used.In sthoulya medodhatvagnimandya,hence to rectify that & also as a poorvakarma it should be given till nirama lakshanaas seen.

PERFORMING ABHYANGA ON THE LATERALS OF THE TRUNK

PERFORMING ABHYANGA ON THE LATERALS OF THE TRUNK

One after the other, in left and right lateral positions of the patient the abhyanga is carried out. While doing abhyanga, the inner aspect of the arm is also included, as this portion of the arm is easily accessible for hand movements. Linear maneuvers are performed in this part of the body.

CIRCULAR MANEUVER ON THE HIP

This is performed on all the four positions. Flat of one of the palm is placed on the hip area of the patient. Then palm is moved on the hip in circular fashion.


Waist
Ask the patient to lie on his left side with his left leg straight and the right leg slightly bent as shown in Figure 14. While sitting behind the patient, massage the waist, lumbar region, and the ribs on the side. Then move your hands simultaneously. Move one hand in a clockwise direction and the other in an anticlockwise direction as illustrated in the figure. Repeat the procedure on the other side also. This massage helps the waist to become more flexible.

CIRCULAR MANEUVER ON THE BUTTOCK

Patient is placed in the prone position. Therapist standing on the side of the patient facing the head end is ideal. Both the palms are placed on the buttock with the fingers facing the opposite buttock. This is followed by sliding the palms over the buttock in circular fashion applying firm pressure.

LINEAR MANEUVER ON THE THIGH

Abhyanga is performed in supine, prone as well as lateral positions of the patient. Therapist places his both the palms on the proximal part of the thigh. Then the palms are moved in downward direction over the thigh applying firm pressure, up to the knee followed by taking back the palm from distal thigh towards the hip.


CIRCULAR MANEUVER ON THE KNEE

When the patient is in the supine position, therapist places one of his hands beneath the knee, firmly holding the knee. Abhyanga is done with the other palm, by moving in circular fashion over the anterior surface of the knee. Similarly in the prone position of the patient, one palm beneath the knee holding it, the therapist with the other palm massages the posterior part of the knee in circular fashion. Further in the supine position, both the palms are placed on the side of the knee, and moved in circular fashion applying firm pressure.

CIRCULAR MANEUVER ON THE ANKLE  

Both in the supine and prone position of the patient, the therapist standing at the foot end, places his both palms on either sides of the ankle. Then, the therapist moves his palms in circular fashion on both sides of the knee. When the patient is in one lateral position, the opposite leg is flexed at knee. This clears the space for carrying out the maneuvers on the leg touching the table. Patient's ankle is made to lie on the other leg. With one hand the therapist holds the leg of the patient and with the other palm massages in circular fashion on the open side of the ankle.

LINEAR MANEUVER ON THE LEG

In both supine and lateral positions of the patient, the therapist places his both the palms on the proximal part of the leg at the knee. Then he slides his palms towards the distal part up to the ankle with firm pressure. Following this palms are taken back to the knee. In the lateral position, the patient is made to flex his leg at the knee and placed on the other resting on the table, Then the therapist with both palms continues massage by moving them in downward direction from knee to ankle. In the prone position of the patient therapist holds the patients leg at the ankle with one hand. And the other palm is then placed on the leg at the knee. This is followed by, sliding this palm applying firm pressure towards the ankle. The palm is then taken back to the knee.

PADABHYANGA AND ITS TREATMENT ASPECTS

PADABHYANGA AND ITS TREATMENT ASPECTS


Done at bedtime - Prevents and cures dryness, numbness, roughness, fatigue, and lack of sensation and cracking in the soles of feet.

Promotes strength and sturdiness of limbs.

A.H.uttara 15: 66-67 -  4 important nerves in the soles - connected with the head.

Because of heat, friction and excessive pressure on the soles these nerves get afflicted  -  eye-sight gets reduced. If massage is done regularly, then the person never suffers from eye disease.
It also cures sciatica, cramps and contraction of the ligaments, vessels and muscles of the lower limbs and helps a person to have sound sleep at night.

BAHYA SNEHANA IN AYURVEDA

    BAHYA SNEHANA IN AYURVEDA      



ABHYANGA - OIL MASSAGE
LEPA        - OIL APPLICATION
MARDANA - HARD MASSAGE        
PARISHEKA (SEKA) - IRRIGATION        

DHARANA - RETENTION

POORANA - FILLINGUROVASTI  - Retention on Chest
KATIVASTI - Retention on Lumbar Spine                                        
TARPANA   -  Retention on Eyes
GANDOOSHA  - Retention in Mouth
SNEHA VASTI - Oil Enema
KARNA POORANA -  Ear Drops
SNEHA NASYA  -  Nasal Drops

PIZHICHIL (SARVANGADHARA) IN AYURVEDA

PIZHICHIL (SARVANGADHARA) IN AYURVEDA

The continuous pouring of warm, herbalized oil over the entire body for an extended period of time (one to two hours)

In this type of massage, the masseur takes warm oil in a pan, soaks a piece of cloth in it and squeezes it over the affected part and massages gently by the other hand. This treatment tones the body, promotes circulation, reduces fatigue and is wonderful for the complexion.

LEPA IN AYURVEDA

LEPA IN AYURVEDA


Application of medicated paste on the body is known alepa.lt should be applied with out any pressure . it is of three varieties

Pralepa:- it is cold and thin and it may be dry and wet

Pradeha:- it is wet and it may be hot or cold.

 Alepa :- its properties like pralepa and pradeha

UDGHARSHANA AND ITS BENEFITS

UDGHARSHANA AND ITS BENEFITS


1. It cures itching, urticaria and diseases caused by vayu.
2. It produces stability and lightness in the body.
3. Rubbing the skin after sprinkling water gives rise of foam.
4. Promotes the activities of the enzymes in the skin
5. Helps in removing dirt from the openings of sweat glands.
6. This is extremely useful for Kapha type.

Eg: rubbing dry powder of calamus etc. on the skin.
This is done with silk cloth too.

UDWARTANA IN AYURVEDA

UDWARTANA IN AYURVEDA


Massage in opposite direction of hair follicles with high pressure with twisting the body like a creeper. It improves the skin complexion .

It is of 3 types:

Udwartana - it creates pravilapana and Vimlapana

Udgarshana - Dry and rough drugs are used for massage.
 
Utsadana - Paste with snehana is used for massage .


1. It cures heaviness, drowsiness, itching, anorexia, excessive sweating, foul smell and disfiguration of the skin.
2. Alleviates vayu - Helps in the melting of kapha and meda.
3. Tones the muscles and reduces fat by improving the metabolism of the muscles and adipose tissue & Produces stability of the limbs.
4. Cleansing & Nourishing to the skin & Promotes skin health.
5. Opens up the orifices of the channels of circulation.
6. It promotes the enzymes responsible for the metabolic processes in the skin as a result of which the skin remains healthy.

BENEFITS OF ABHYANGA

BENEFITS OF ABHYANGA


(Ashtanga Hrdaya: Sutra: 2: 7-8)
1 ) it enhances age
2) It relieves the weakness.
3) Relieves the vata in the body.
4) it strengthens the body vigour.
5) it induces sleep.
6) it increases the WBC count & Antibodies in the body.
7) it helps in defence mechanism and provides more resistance against diseases.
8) it increases immunity towards environmental changes.
9) Massage is a protector, preserver and rejuvenator of the body. 10) it increases selfconfidence and will power.

PIZHICHIL ( KAYA SEKA ) USAGE

   PIZHICHIL ( KAYA SEKA ) USAGE



Whole body of the person is subjected to stream of luke warm medicated oil with
simultaneous soft massage by the therapists from either side of the body.

  This is a rejuvenation therapy. Will prevent ageing, scales, wrinkles.

  Cures paralysis, muscular and neurological complaints.

SIRO ABHYANGA USAGE

SIRO ABHYANGA USAGE


Suggested for daily use.
Useful in Headaches of different aetiology.
Useful in Alopecia, Premature Greying, hair loss and ensures
       “dridamoola deergha krishna kesa”
Strengthens sira kapalas
Indriya prasada, facial skin complexion
Nidralabha and sukha[Arogya]

PADA ABHYANGA USAGE

PADA ABHYANGA USAGE

Suggested for routine use.

In Supthi, Stabdhatha, Raukshya of Pada.

Provides Saukumarya, Bala and Sthairya to pada.

In Gridhrasy,Padasphutana,Sirasankocham.

Ensures Netraprasada,sukhanidra.