Cognitive disorders are a broad category of medical conditions that affect cognitive functioning, such as memory, language, perception, problem-solving, attention, and social cognition. These disorders can occur due to various underlying causes, including neurological damage, genetics, infections, metabolic imbalances, substance abuse, and environmental factors.
Some common cognitive disorders include:
Dementia: A progressive decline in cognitive function due to brain damage or disease, including Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and Lewy body dementia.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI): Damage to the brain caused by a blow, jolt, or penetrating injury to the head, resulting in impaired cognitive and motor function.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social interaction, communication, and behavior.
Schizophrenia: A severe mental disorder that affects perception, cognition, and emotion, often characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking.
Parkinson's disease: A progressive neurological disorder that affects movement, cognition, and behavior.
Treatment for cognitive disorders can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Treatment options may include medications, therapy, lifestyle modifications, and in some cases, surgery.
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