Ayurvedic management approach to Rheumatological disorders, including: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Monoarthritis, Polyarthritis
Ayurvedic management approach to Rheumatological disorders, including:
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Osteoarthritis
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Monoarthritis
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Polyarthritis
This includes classical Ayurvedic correlations, Samprāpti (pathogenesis), Chikitsā Sūtras (treatment principles), formulations, and relevant references.
🔶 1. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
🔹 Ayurvedic Correlation:
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RA ≈ Āmavāta (आमवातः)
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Classical Source:
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Mādhava Nidāna – Chapter 25
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Charaka Cikitsā 1/74, A.H. Nidāna 12
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🔹 Samprāpti (Pathogenesis):
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Manda Agni → Āma formation → circulates with Vāta → lodges in Sandhi (joints) → causes Shotha (swelling), Ruja (pain), and stiffness.
🔹 Symptoms:
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Sandhi Shotha, Toda, Stambha, Aruchi, Angamarda, Jvara
🔹 Chikitsā Sūtra (C.S. Cikitsā 1/74):
“Āmavātaṁ samudbhūtaṁ vātamāṁsāsthisandhiṣu।
Rujaṁ janayate tīvraṁ śophaṁ chaiva samantataḥ॥”
“Langhanaṁ svedanaṁ tiktaṁ deepanaṁ kaṭu bastayaḥ।
Āmavāte hitāḥ sarve saṅgrahe rogaṇāmapi॥”
🔹 Management Protocol:
🔸 Acute Stage (Āma dominant):
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Langhana, Deepana, Pachana
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Śuṇṭhī, Trikaṭu, Āragvadhādi kaṣāya
🔸 Chronic Stage:
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Snehana, Swedana, Basti therapy
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Rasāyana and anti-inflammatory herbs
🔹 Formulations:
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Simhānad Guggulu, Rāsnā Saptaka Kvātha
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Maharasnādi kwātha, Dashamoola kwātha
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Panchatikta ghṛta, Yogarāj Guggulu
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Suta Shekhar rasa, Vātavidhvāṁsa rasa
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Eranda sneha, Bala taila (Abhyanga)
🔶 2. Osteoarthritis (OA)
🔹 Ayurvedic Correlation:
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OA ≈ Sandhivāta (सन्धिवातः)
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Source: Suśruta Cikitsā 4/12, Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya Nidāna 16
🔹 Samprāpti:
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Vāta prakopa → Sandhi kṣaya → degeneration of Asthi + Majjā dhātu → pain, crepitus, stiffness, functional limitation
🔹 Symptoms:
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Sandhi ruja (pain), kṛcchrāṅgam (restricted movement), śabda (crepitus)
🔹 Chikitsā Sūtra:
“Vātābhibhūta sandhiṣu rujaḥ stambho balakṣayaḥ।
Sneha svēdābhyām samyak tatrābhisyandaḥ praśāmyati॥”
– Use of Snehana, Swedana, Basti, Rasāyana
🔹 Formulations:
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Yogarāja Guggulu, Trayodashānga guggulu
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Rasnādi kwātha, Dhanwantaram taila (abhyanga)
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Ashwagandhādi lepa, Gandha taila, Bala taila
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Balarishta, Ashwagandhādi churna
🔹 Supportive Therapies:
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Kati basti, Patra potali sweda, Matra basti
🔶 3. Monoarthritis (Eka Sandhi Roga)
🔹 Ayurvedic Correlation:
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Vātaja Shotha, Granthi, Eka Sandhi Āmavāta, Kaphaja-Vātaja involvement
🔹 Common Causes:
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Gout (uric acid), injury, infection (septic), crystal arthropathies
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In Ayurveda: due to Āma, Vāta–Kapha dosha, Mamsa-Meda accumulation
🔹 Treatment Plan:
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Langhana, Tikta–Kaṭu drugs, Srotoshodhana
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Raktamokṣaṇa (if inflammatory with swelling)
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Local lepa – Dashanga lepa, Erandamoola paste
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Punarnavādi kwātha, Guggulu-based yogas
🔶 4. Polyarthritis
🔹 Ayurvedic Correlation:
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Sarvaṅga Āmavāta, Sarvāṅga Sandhi Roga, Dūṣya Vāta
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Seen in RA, SLE, Psoriatic arthritis, etc.
🔹 Samprāpti:
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Generalized Doṣa vitiation, Ojas-kṣaya, Ama-Rakta involvement
🔹 Chikitsā Sūtra:
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Same as for Āmavāta, but more Rasāyana + Immune support required
🔹 Rasāyana & Immune Modulation:
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Amṛta (Guduchi), Ashwagandhā, Bhallātaka (carefully used)
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Chyavanaprāsha, Mahā Tikta Ghṛta, Panchatikta ghṛta
🔹 Formulations:
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Kaishora Guggulu, Mahārasnādi kwātha
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Triphala guggulu, Bhallataka Rasāyana (caution)
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Tapyādi loha – if anemia present
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Panchatikta kṣīra basti – chronic stage
📘 Classical Reference Summary
Disease | Ayurvedic Equivalent | Classical Source |
---|---|---|
Rheumatoid Arthritis | Āmavāta | Mādhava Nidāna 25, C.S. Cikitsā 1 |
Osteoarthritis | Sandhivāta | A.H. Nidāna 16, Suśruta Cikitsā 4 |
Monoarthritis | Eka Sandhi Roga, Vātaja Shotha | C.S. Cikitsā 12 |
Polyarthritis | Sarvāṅga Āmavāta | Suśruta Uttara 63, Bhela Samhita |
🧪 Research Integration:
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Simhānāda Guggulu – Anti-inflammatory in RA models
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Eranda Taila + Basti – Proven efficacy in joint inflammation
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Triphala Guggulu – Clinical support for OA
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Amṛta (Guduchi) – Shown to modulate cytokines in autoimmune arthritis
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Ashwagandhā – Reduces pain, stiffness, enhances mobility (published in J-AIM & IJAR)
✅ Panchakarma Support
Therapy | Role |
---|---|
Basti (Ānuvasana + Niruha) | Best for Vāta + chronic arthritis |
Abhyanga + Swedana | Pain and stiffness relief |
Virechana | Pitta and Rakta involved cases |
Raktamokṣaṇa | For inflamed joints with Rakta dushti |
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