MEDICINAL PLANTS ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES

IN THIS ARTICLE YOU WILL GET DETAILS ABOUT IMPORTANT HERBS AND MEDICINAL PLANTS HAVING ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES WITH ITS MAIN CHEMICAL CONSTITUENT

 

Plantain, Musa acuminate, Musaceae Carbohydrates, Sugar, Dietary fibers, Fats, Protien, Vitamins A, B1-B12 Plantain plant have been consumed as human food since prehistory

Leek, Allium cepa, Amaryllidaceae Glycosides like quercetin 3,4′-diglucoside or quercetin-4′-glucoside Shallots have the most phenols Anti-inflammatory, anticholesterol, anticancer, and antioxidant properties

Turmeric, Curcuma longa, Zingiberaceae Turmeric essential oils, Curcumin, Polyphenol Alzheimer's disease, diabetes pancreatitis

Ginseng, Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, Araliaceae Phytoestrogens, Salvianolic acid, Steroids Respiratory illnesses, Quality of life, Influenza, Central nervous system, Gonadal tissues

Lemongrass, Cymbopogon nardus, Poaceae Citronella, Geraniol and Citronellol Citronella, geraniol and citronellol, are antiseptics. Hence They are used in household disinfectants and soaps.

Garlic, Allium sativum, Amaryllidaceae Diallyl disulfide, Diallyl trisulfide Atherosclerosis, High cholesterol, High blood pressure, Cancer. Reduce platelet aggregation, Hyperlipidemia

Beans, Phaseolus Vulgaris, Leguminosae Starch, Protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Phytohaemagglutinin, Lectin Respiratory illnesses, Quality of life, influenza or patients

Angelica, Angelica sylvestris, Apiaceae Furocoumarins Make the skin sensitive to light

Celery, Apium Graveolens, Apiaceae 3-n-butylphthalide, Bergapten, Essential oil Perfume and pharmaceutical industries

Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus obliqua, Myrtaceae Terpenoids Perfume and pharmaceutical industries, Insecticide

Peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Fabaceae Phytonutrients. P-coumaric acid, Niacin, Folate, Fiber, Vitamin E, Magnesium, Phosphorus Antioxidants

Licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Fabaceae Glycyrrhizin, Glycyrrhiza, Glycyrrhiziic acid, Isoflavones, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, Aldosterone, Deglycyrrhizinated liquorice Postural tachycardia syndrome, Mouth ulcers, Peptic ulcers

Allspice, Pimenta dioica, Myrtaceae Essential oil Deodorant, Antimicrobial agent

Bearberry, Arctostaphylos alpine, Bearberrieaceae Arbutin, Ursolic acid, Tannic acid, Gallic acid, Essential Oil, Resin, Hydroquinones (Mainly Arbutin, Tannins, Phenolic Glycosides, Flavonoids) Nausea, Vomiting, Fever, Chills, Severe Back Pain, Tinnitus. It should not be used during pregnancy, breast feeding, or in children or patients with kidney disease

Ivy, Hedera rhombea, Araliaceae Triterpenoid, Saponins, Falcarinol Anticancer, Allergic reaction

Anise, Pimpinella anisum, Apiaceae Anethole Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Areca nut, Areca catechu, Palmaceae Tannins arecatannin, Gallic acid; a fixed oil gum little terpineol, lignin varisaline alkaloids arecoline,arecaidine guvacine Psychiatric disorders

Elecampane, Inula helenium, Asteraceae Helenin, Stearoptene Broad spectrum of bacteria

Betel leaf, Piper betle, Piperaceae Alkaloid, Arecoline Stimulant, Antiseptic, Breath freshener, Carcinogenic

Oregano Origanum vulgaris Rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, 2-caffeoyloxy-3-[2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4,5-dihydroxy] phenylpropionic acid; flavonoids – apigen, eriodictyol, dihydroquercetin, dihydrokaempherol; cavacrol, tymol Free radical scavenger

Thyme Thymus vulgaris L. Thymol, cavacrol, ρ-Cumene-2,3-diol, phenolic acids (gallic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid), phenolic diterpenes, flavonoids Free radical scavenger

Ginger Zingiber officinale Gingerol, shogaol, zingerone Free radical scavenger

Turmeric Curcuma domestica L. Curcumins, 4-hydroxycinnamoyl methane Free radical scavenger

Black pepper Piper nigrum L. Kaempferol, rhamnetin, quercetin Free radical scavenger

Chili pepper Capsicum frutescence L. Capsaicin, capsaicinol Free radical scavenger

Clove Eugenia caryophyllata Phenolic acids (gallic acid), flavonol glucosides, phenolic volatile oils (eugenol, acetyl eugenol, isoeugenol), tannins Free radical scavenger, metal chelator

Marjoram Majorana hortensis Beta-carotene, beta-sitosterol, caffeic-acid, carvacrol, eugenol, hydroquinone, linalool-acetate plant 3–17, myrcene, rosmarinic-acid, terpinen-4-ol Free radical scavenger

Cumin Cumimum cymimum Cuminal, γ-terpinene, pinocarveol, linalool, 1-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)benzene, carotol Free radical scavenger, metal chelator

Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana, Brassicaceae Sinigrin-glucosinolate allyl isothiocyanate (mustard oil) Deodorant, Antimicrobial agent

Nettle, Urtica, Urtica thunbergiana, Urticaceae, Formic acid, Serotonin, Histamine, Oxalic acid, Tartaric acid Hypertrophy, Diabetes mellitus, Rheumatic disease, Hypertension, Gastrointestinal symptoms

Black pepper, Piper nigrum, Piperaceae Piperine, Sulfur dioxide, Selenium, Vitamin B, Beta-carotene, Curcumin Antioxidant properties, Anti-carcinogenic effects

Tarragon, Artemisia dracunculus, Asteraceae Estragole, Phenylpropanoids such as methyl chavicol (16.2%) and methyl eugenol Antihyperglycemic activity in streptozotocin-induced rats

Bay laurel, Laurus nobilis, Lauraceae Essential oil, Cineole (eucalyptol), Terpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Methyleugenol, α- and β-pinenes, Phellandrene, Linalool, Geraniol, Terpineol Astringents, Arthritis, Rheumatism, Aromatherapy

Mugwort, Artemisia vulgaris, Asteraceae Thujone, Flavonoids, Triterpeness, Coumarin Anthelminthic

Oak, Quercus robur, Fagaceae Tannin, Tannic acid Gastroenteritis, Depression, Constipation, Diarrhea

Oats, Avena sativa, Poaceae Beta-glucan, Beta-D-glucans, Polysaccharides Menstrual cycle, Dysmenorrhoea, Osteoporosis, Urinary tract infections

Hoarhound, Leonurus cardiac, Lamiaceae Alkaloid leonurine, Iridoid glycosides, Diterpinoids, Flavonoids Uterine tonic, Uterine infection

Blackberry, Rubus ursinus, Rosaceae Anthocyanins, Salicylic acid, Ellagic acid, Fiber Antioxidants

Raspberry, Rubus occidentalis, Rosaceae Anthocyanin pigments, ellagic acid (the polyphenol ellagitannin), Quercetin, Gallicacid, Cyanidins, Pelargonidins, Catechins, Kaempferol, Salicylic acid Antioxidant, Antiproliferative

Tea, Camellia sinensis, Theaceae Antioxidant, Flavanols, Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Catechins Anti-inflammatory, Neuroprotective activities

Mint, Mentha spicata, Lamiaceae Menthol, Menthone, Pippemint Antiseptic mouth rinses, Toothpaste, Chewing Gum, Desserts and candies

Pennyroya, Mentha pulegium, Lamiaceae Pulegone, a highly toxic volatile organic compound Self-induced abortion

Schizandra, Schisandra chinensis, Schisandraceae Lignans schizandrin, Deoxyschizandrin, Gomisins, Pregomisin Pregnancy, humoral and cell-mediated immune responses

Bell peppers, Capsicum annuum, Capasthaceae Capsicum antioxidant lycopene, Carotene, Like lycopene, Para-coumaric acid, Vitamin C Mediated immune responses, Antibacterial

Saw palmetto, Serenoa repens, Arecaceae Fatty acids, Phytosterols Prostatic hyperplasia, Baldness, Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Sesame, Sesamum indicum, Pedaliaceae Essential amino acids, Essential fattyacids, Lignans pinoresinol, Lariciresinol Antioxidant

Nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, Myristicaceae D-pinene, Limonene, D-borneol, L-terpineol, Geraniol, Safrol, Myristicin Convulsions, Palpitations, Nausea, Eventual dehydration, Generalized body pain

Spinach, Spinacia oleracea, Amaranthaceae Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Magnesium, Manganese, Folate, Betaine, Iron, Vitamin B2, Calcium, Potassium, Vitamin B6, Folicacid, Copper, Protein, Phosphorus, Zinc, Niacin, Selenium, Omega-3 fatty acids, Opioid peptides Nausea, Vomiting, Fever, Chills, Severe back pain and tinnitus; Should not be used during pregnancy, breast feeding, or in children or patients with kidney disease

Rice, Oryza sativa, Gramineae Essential amino acids Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal effects, Arthritis pain or having blood thinning and cholesterol

Ginger, Zingiber officinale, Zingiberaceae Zingiberecin, Zingiber, Zingiberon Nausea caused by seasickness, Morning sickness

Oregano, Origanum vulgare, Lamiaceae Phenolic compounds, Essential oil, Carvacrol, Thymol, Limonene, Pinene, Ocimene, Caryophyllene High in antioxidant activity

Cranberry, Vaccinium erythrocarpum, Ericaceae Proanthocyanidins, Flavonols, Quercetin Antioxidant; fruit are cooked into a compote or jelly, known as cranberry sauce

Coriander, Coriandrum sativum, Apiaceae. Terpenes linalool, Pinene Antioxidants, Diuretic, Carminative

Marjoram, Origanum majorana,Lamiaceae Borneol, Camphor, Pinene Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal effects

Citrus, Citrus sinensis, Rutaceae Flavonoids, Limonoids citric acid, Vitamin C, Flavonoids Kidney stones, Fermentation

Olive, Olea europaea, Oleaceae, Oleuropein, a bitter glycoside; Phenolic compounds Antioxidants, Diuretic

Cocoa, Theobroma cacao, Malvaceae Theobromine, a compound similar to caffeine Antioxidants

Rosemary Rosemarinus officinalis Carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmanol, rosmadial, diterpenes (epirosmanol, isorosmanol, rosmaridiphenol, rosmariquinone, rosmarinic acid) Scavenge superoxide radicals, lipid antioxidant and metal chelator

Sage Salvia officinalis L. Carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmanol, rosmadial, methyl and ethyl esters of carnosol, rosmarinic acid Free radical scavenger

Oregano Origanum vulgaris Rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, 2-caffeoyloxy-3-[2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4,5-dihydroxy] phenylpropionic acid; flavonoids – apigen, eriodictyol, dihydroquercetin, dihydrokaempherol; cavacrol, tymol Free radical scavenger

Thyme Thymus vulgaris L. Thymol, cavacrol, ρ-Cumene-2,3-diol, phenolic acids (gallic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid), phenolic diterpenes, flavonoids Free radical scavenger

Ginger Zingiber officinale Gingerol, shogaol, zingerone Free radical scavenger

Turmeric Curcuma domestica L. Curcumins, 4-hydroxycinnamoyl methane Free radical scavenger

Black pepper Piper nigrum L. Kaempferol, rhamnetin, quercetin Free radical scavenger

Chili pepper Capsicum frutescence L. Capsaicin, capsaicinol Free radical scavenger

Clove Eugenia caryophyllata Phenolic acids (gallic acid), flavonol glucosides, phenolic volatile oils (eugenol, acetyl eugenol, isoeugenol), tannins Free radical scavenger, metal chelator

Marjoram Majorana hortensis Beta-carotene, beta-sitosterol, caffeic-acid, carvacrol, eugenol, hydroquinone, linalool-acetate plant 3–17, myrcene, rosmarinic-acid, terpinen-4-ol Free radical scavenger

Cumin Cumimum cymimum Cuminal, γ-terpinene, pinocarveol, linalool, 1-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)benzene, carotol Free radical scavenger, metal chelator